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Harari AlphabetsDate: 2009INTRODUCTIONModern Harari is the language of the Harari people of Ethiopia. The old Harari language waswritten using the Arabic script. When Harar became part of Abyssinia, the Ethiopian (Geez)script was introduced for Modern Harari.Within Australia, Harari children are taught the Harari language using the Latin script. Theexisting Ethiopic and Arabic orthographies cannot represent all the sounds in the Hararilanguage. Revisions to the Ethiopic and Arabic orthographies have been discussed in Ethiopiaand Australia.This document will outline character repertoire requirements for the Latin orthography and therevised Ethiopic and Arabic orthographies. -
NEW ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIND IN SOUTHEAST ETHIOPIA Southeast of Harar & the ruins of HarlaDate: 41775This report is the result of a site tour, finding the ruins and identifying its location. This is a new archaeological find in the sense we are the first to visiting the remote site to initiate research study to determine its archaeological value though it was known to local inhabitants within the area. In January of 2013 searching for medieval ruins around Hararge region on satellite I discovered images of ruin villages south & southeast of Harar, in Ethiopia. In this historical and ancient region I also found several settlements of stone built ruins in various locations within proximity of 5 – 13km apart from the medieval wall of Harar. Some of the ruins such as the village of Harawe gei that still maintains its old name is believed to be one of the seven settlements mentioned by Professor Ahmed Zakaria as the precursor of Harar. Another village of ruins with rectangular shape homes are found in the village of Awe Barkhadle among others, just 7km south of the fortified town of Harar. -
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Merging Past and Present in the Museums of Harar, EthiopiaDate:This research involves the fields of socio-cultural anthropology, material culture studies, andmuseology, and employs a multifaceted conceptual framework to view the nature of transactionsbetween people and the objects in their environment. Specifically, this research documents the interactions among community members pertaining to the cultural objects managed by the museumsof Harar, Ethiopia. -
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Islamic Scholars Between Text And Practice,Date:Examines the contextualization of the Islamic faith and its practices in Harar. -
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Songs, History and Cultural Identity in the City-State of Harar, EthiopiaDate: 2009The purpose of this paper is to present a historicaloutline of the secular sung repertoires composedand performed by the Ethiopian Harari, both in the city of origin and in the worldwide diaspora, underlining their elements of continuity as well as their adjustments through time and space. -
The Geography of the Ancient Walled City of Harar: Urban Structure, Cultural Heritage, and Population DiversityDate: 2009From 1997 to 2003, a wide data set about the old Ethiopian city of Harar, the mostimportant historical and cultural centre of the Islamic world in the Horn of Africa, wascollected and analysed using the latest geographic information technology. Precise geotopographicaldescription of the urban elements, significant artistic and historical features,prevailing environmental conditions, and demographic and health particulars of the entireresident population were linked closely together to draw a comprehensive portrait of theancient walled city. -
Trade For Peace Not For Conflict: Harari ExperienceDate: 2013Harar and Hararis history is much related with trade. But little is said about the fact that they have been using trade as a means of securing and maintaining peace. To preserve Harar and extend trade beyond it they made trade concessions to the Oromos and allowed the Somalis to derive income by protecting caravans that went out from and came into Harar. They allowed their currencies to circulate beyond the city-state while at the same time permitting foreign currencies to be used in the city state. Thus, trade for Hararis was not a source of conflict; rather it was a means of achieving and maintaining peace. This article suggests that underlying the idea of peaceful trade were values such as righteousness, honesty, sincerity, diligence, trust, non-discrimination and fairness in the relations among traders. Legal rules among which the sanctity of property rights and of contract were paramount functioned to protect these values" -
Imagineering the City and Naturalizing Difference: The Politics of Spatial Reorganization in HararDate: 2012The ways in which city form and urban planning have been recurringly used as politicalinstruments in Harar, Ethiopia, is the focus of this article in three parts. This inquiry is framed within the theoretical approach provided by anthropologist Setha LOW (1996). The empiricallyinformed arguement is that successive governments—Abyssinian, Italian, Ethiopian, and Harari—employed similar city design and planning strategies to advance particular state interestsand/or the interests of designated sets of people. -
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HARAR, CENTRO MUSULMANO IN ETIOPIADate: 1936 -
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Care, Communication, and Support Relationships in the ClassroomDate: 2007The Case of Pupils with Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in One Primary School in Harari Region, Ethiopia -
Fashioning History: Women's Costumes from Eastern Hararghe, 1850-1886Date:This preliminary investigation will address the formal and symbolic developments in certain aspects of costume from 1850 to 1886 in and around Harar among the Somali, Oromo, and Harari peoples. -
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NEGOTAIATING SOCIAL AND SPIRITUAL WORLDS The Gender of Sanctity in a Muslim City in AfricaDate:Inhabitants of the city of Harar, in eastern Ethiopia, refer to their city asmadlnat al-awliyd', the "city of saints." Although this epithet is not unique to Harare Residentsof at least one other city, Baghdad, refer to their city as such-the number anddensity of shrines located within and just beyond the wall that bounds this small city, aswell as the relatively high percentage of these shrines devoted to female saints, are quiteremarkable. Some 60,000 people and 356 saints, or awliyd' (sing. wal ), as many as tenpercent of them female, reside in an area of approximately nine square kilometers.' -
Preliminary study of income and nutritional status indicators in two Ethiopian communitiesDate: 1986Malnutrition is associated with poverty in many communities. Increasing individual income and purchasing power is therefore regarded as an important prerequisite for improved nutritional status of the community [1,2]. Observation of the development of young children using anthropometric measurement has been used by many investigators as an indicator of changes in community nutritional status [3,4]. This study uses differences in anthropometric measurements of children in two rural Ethiopian communities to describe the relationship between income and malnutrition. -
Chat exports and the Ethiopian economy:Date: 2010The paper discusses the growing importance of chat as an export product in the Ethiopian economyand the controversies that its production and marketing generate. It also presents the results of theanalysis of survey data from 4 major export associations and 10 individual exporters. -
An assessment of the effectiveness of the upgrading and revitalization strategies for housing development in case of Harar cityDate: 2009These theses reports are conducted in Harar city to assess the effectiveness of the upgrading and revitalization strategic approaches towards their contribution to housing development and improvement of the housing conditions of the slum dwellers. -
Harari Police Force and Factors which Influence PreventiveDate: 2010Objective: To assess factors that influence HIV/AIDS prevention amongHarari police in the Harari Regional State of eastern Ethiopia.... -
New Communities, emerging content: digital inclusion for minority language groupsDate: 2009....The project started in May 2008 and has involved technical research, an extensive literature review and consultations with three communities in the Wyndham area: speakers of Dinka, Harari, and Karen.The specific aims of the project have been to identify the language maintenance and development needs of targeted new and emerging communities whose languages are poorly supported by the internet, and to identify relevant tools and web services that can deliver solutions to meet those needs....